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Index of the book: Introduction
Mental illness
Depression What causes depression?
What are the symptoms? Types of depression
Attitude
depression treatment for depression
The lack of communication difficulties dealing with depressed patients?
How to prevent depression and social impact
How can you help yourself when you are depressed
How can family and friends help the depressed person
Where to get help
Introduction
Although many indicators of quality of life have developed among people
of preindustrial societies, industrial and post-one of the most important is the health of the population. Health status is closely linked not only to the level of industrial development of a country, but also the
age and gender composition of people, distribution of wealth and power. The diseases and conditions, including mental origin, are not distributed randomly in the population. Rather, in an irregular way by age, sex, social class, residence, origin, ethnic factors, occupation and habits like smoking and / or drink.
The accelerated evolution present societies has been reflected in changes
important health problems in almost all corners of the world.
Each year a large percentage of the Colombian population suffers from depressive illness
. The cost in economic terms is high, but the
cost in terms of suffering is incalculable.
depressive disorders interfere with daily functioning of the patient.
They cause pain and suffering not only those of them suffering, but also their loved ones. Severe depression can destroy both the lives of the sick person as her family.
However, in large part, this suffering is preventable.
Most depressed people do not seek treatment. Although the vast majority (even those suffering from severe depression) might help.
Thanks to years of research, we now know that certain medications and psychotherapy are effective for depression. These psychotherapies are known by the names of
cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy and supportive therapy (talk therapy or talk).
These treatments relieve the suffering of depression.
Unfortunately, many people are unaware that depression is a treatable disease . If you or a loved one with depression and untreated, this information can help save your life or that of a loved
The guide has been designed using a very simple language, yet schematic. "The new brochure will serve us all to the amount of information here is provide the tools that the physician should convey to the patient or his family, is based on a fulcrum, and the general community so that they can use
time for consultation of the disease.
Mental illness
There are many mental illnesses that manifest in physical or mood disorders. These diseases are:
The
stress
People can experience stress when confronted with important
events which may be dangerous or very difficult to lead. Psychological symptoms of stress are anxiety and stress, uncontrollable worry, irritation, distraction, and difficulty in learning new things,
regarded this as the most important disease in our society and why are triggered another series physical and mental diseases. Neurosis
conditions are showing a nervous system malfunction. In neurosis
no physical injury or impairment personality. The main neurosis are anxiety, an uncontrollable obsession to avoid dangerous situations and a lack of fit with people. Some examples of neurosis are panic, phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and posttraumatic stress.
Hypochondria Hypochondria is a neurotic disorder in which the person channeling the anxieties, worries and obsessive thoughts to be convinced that you have a specific physical illness (eg colon cancer). This means that hypochondriacs are worried about suffering from a disease, but medical findings suggest otherwise. Spend a lot of hypochondriacs
time and money by visiting doctors and did several tests. The relationship between these patients and the doctors and nurses can in many cases be conflicting, to the point where a real disease can not be misdiagnosed by those who are tired of addressing mental illness who have previously insisted on a condition does not exist. "Many doctors say that these are
causes of stress or disorder in the rhythm of life."
disorder
somatization disorder is rare, but it is time control. The person, usually a woman
has a long and complicated medical history and a series of symptoms dramatic but vague that demand immediate attention by the doctor. Complaints usually are based on gastro-intestinal pains, gynecological and other sensors. The personalities and lives of these people are typically dramatic and chaotic.
factitious disorder Individuals who suffer from this mental illness create the appearance of a physical illness to be the medical center and / or to obtain various types of drugs. People who suffer from this disorder usually become evasive and aggressive when they ask questions or are challenged to clear hacérseles
of the inconsistencies of their symptoms. Many run away from hospitals or clinics to go in search of other medical centers. Many individuals with this disorder tend to have behavior and personality similar to those who suffer from somatization.
Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a severe set of psychological symptoms which make it difficult
working, playing and being with others. "Positive" symptoms include delusions (irrational beliefs), hallucinations (sensory experiences and lack of encouragement), thinking and incoherent speech, paranoia or severe anxiety and uncontrollable and bizarre behavior. Among the negative symptoms include loss of emotional experiences and expressions
, loss of power and initiative, inability to experience pleasure or interest in things, and isolation of individuals. Paranoia
In general, this disease relates to high levels of suspicion and mistrust, usually seen in the beliefs or delusions that she or he are victims of hatred, jealousy and resentment of others.
The person who suffers from paranoid schizophrenia has
foreboding that she or he will be persecuted by others, as the neighbor, the government, or an alien, or by the special people such as "the Messiah" (a sense grandiosity).
The person suffering from paranoid personality disorder seem normal, but is suspect, suspicious, hostile, controlling, and quick to develop resentment and jealousy.
Some men who batter their wives or girlfriends suffer from this mental illness .
Depression Depression is a very serious emotional problem in which the individual continues to feel sad and empty and feels constantly without help or hope. Depressed people often suffer from anxiety and irritability, lack of motivation, and loss of pleasure in things they enjoyed doing. They also have problems with appetite, sleep, and suffer from pain.
Many depressed people have suicidal thoughts, and eventually 10-15% off life.
Mania is a period of time (usually one week to one month) in which the person is and feels very happy and talks a lot, is active and impulsive. In many cases, at times of mania, the person despite feeling confident and happy, may come to feel nervous and irritated. Many cranks seem to have infinite energy and only need a few hours of sleep, if sleep at all.
With the mania in its intermediate form - hypomania, and individual
can become very creative and productive in their work. In their different ways a person becomes psychotic. That is, the person loses the ability to think properly and make realistic judgments while you may experience hallucinations. Many individuals tend to be impulsive, demanding, aggressive, resulting in huge costs money, alcohol abuse, sexual promiscuity and
trouble with the law.
Manic-depressive
Approximately 1 to 2 out of 100 people around you are experiencing in one way or another intermediate or severe episodes of mania, along with episodes of depression. If moments of both types of emotional problems are
intermediate, the condition is known as clotimia.
If depressive episodes are severe, whether the mania is mild or severe, then the condition is called emotional disorder bipolar, commonly known as manic-depressive. "
Persons aged 17 to 25 years of age are commonly become victims of this type of emotional problem, and is usually chronic. Many individuals who suffer from these disorders tend to recover in the middle of episodes, and there is an association with creativity and artistic ingenuity that the person can develop. However, the impact that this disorder causes in a person's life is devastating.
level of marital problems, substance abuse, suicide and problems with the law at present is very high. Delirium
Also known as "rapid onset of the syndrome brain, "Delirium is a psychological condition associated with serious physical problems (eg drug overdose or poisoning). Symptoms include confusion and disorientation, loss of consciousness, agitation, apathy and delusions (lack of perception of external stimulus, such as hearing the sound of the wheels of a hospital bed and imagine that is a machine that comes to maquiladora tear.)
Delirium should be taken very seriously and must be treated immediately, it may
represent a serious physical problem in our society is evident in a very low average.
Dementia Dementia refers to a decrease or general deterioration of intellectual faculties
, such as loss of memory, attention and abstract thinking. The person suffering from dementia can easily be lost and may be unable to do simple things like re-entering the house after the door has enllavado. Depression and paranoia are often associated with dementia, and some insane develop hallucinations.
One of the best examples of dementia is Alzheimer's disease, which typically begins at age 55, according to some studies disease is manifesting itself increasingly in our midst. The Narcissism
The person with this personality type have uncontrollable
need to feel important, successful and admired throughout the world. They act as if they were unique and deserved special favors
. In general, the narcissist does not care about feelings and / or resentment of others, and are jealous of the successes of others, which has led to the problem of insecurity and violent deaths every day in the middle, although many people do not recognize it and refuse to accept it. DEPRESSION
The sensation of feeling sad, low, emotionally, and lose interest in things previously enjoyed
is what is called depression. You should know that depression is a disease such as diabetes or arthritis, and is not just a feeling of sadness or discouragement. This disease progresses every day affects your thoughts, feelings, physical health, and their behavior.
Depression is not the fault of the person suffering, nor is it a weakness of personality. is a medical illness that is very common and can affect anyone.
About 1 in 20 people, twice as many women as men.
WHAT CAUSES DEPRESSION?
Depression can be caused by many reasons:
• Heredity (transmitted in his family).
• Other diseases.
• Certain medications.
• The use of drugs or alcohol.
• Other mental (psychiatric).
Sometimes a bad emotional situation (loss of a relative, or a problem with
work), can trigger depression or cause the patient can recover completely, but sometimes occurs even when everything in their lives up well. Between 10 and 15 percent of the depressions are caused by a medical problem (thyroid disease, cancer, or neurological disease) or drugs. Once
given treatment for the disease, or adjusting the dose and appropriate medication depression disappear.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS?
People with depression have certain characteristic symptoms that concern them most days for at least a period of two weeks.
Of these the most characteristic symptoms are:
• Losing interest in things you once enjoyed.
• Feeling sad, low or
emotionally downcast.
and are associated with side:
• Feeling you have no energy, tired, or conversely, feel restless and unable to keep pace. • Feeling like
worthless or guilty.
• That you increase or decrease appetite or weight.
• Thoughts of death or suicide.
• Have trouble concentrating, thinking, remembering, or making decisions.
• Unable to sleep or sleeping too much.
addition there are associated symptoms of physical or psychological, such as:
• Headaches.
• General aches all the body parts.
• digestive or stomach problems.
• Sexual problems. • Feeling pessimistic
• Feeling anxious or worried.
If you know someone with some symptoms ALERT: YOU CAN BE ONE OF THEM.
TYPES OF DEPRESSION
• Severe depression.
When the person has almost all the symptoms of depression and depression preventing him from completing activities of daily living.
• moderate depression.
When the person has many symptoms of depression and keep you from doing these activities of daily living.
• Mild depression.
When the person has some symptoms of depression and conduct their activities of daily life takes an extraordinary effort. Attitude
before the Depression
The lack of depression as a disease with all possible symptoms leads people to blame themselves for symptoms, and do not know that there are treatments for the disease. So if you have some symptoms of depression should contact your GP or other health organizations.
Usually what happens then is that:
• The attempt to determine whether there is a physical reason that causes depression.
• It will provide treatment for depression.
• It is recommended the patient to a mental health specialist for which more
evaluation and treatment.
Treatment for depression helps ease the concern of their illness, and washes away all the symptoms of depression, allowing you to resume your normal life. Early treatment is more effective and more time that passes before you start the harder it is to overcome depression.
treatment can be seen in a few weeks, although sometimes the proper treatment is not the first and will need to change it until you find the ideal for each case.
TREATMENT FOR DEPRESSION
The main treatments for depression are:
• Antidepressant medications.
• Psychotherapy (talking with a therapist who specializes in these problems
• A combination of antidepressant medication and psychotherapy.
There is an appropriate treatment for each of the types of depression and be their doctor or therapist to diagnose the type suffering from depression and start the most appropriate treatment for you.
Treatment for depression usually is two steps, the first is intensive to make the symptoms of depression disappear, and the second is following a treatment, even after you are well, is important because it prevents
depression returns. The whole treatment can last about six months. Sometimes if the depression is recurrent (three or more episodes), it performs a maintenance treatment for a longer period, 1 or 2 years.
IS THE LACK OF COMMUNICATION DEALING WITH DIFFICULT depressed patients?
The importance of proper communication between the physician and the patient suffering from depressive disorders has led to the Psychiatric Society, Family and Community Medicine and Psychology to start the program links to depression, which aims to break the barriers of communication depressed patient and their environment have launched a joint program to provide general practitioners and specialists a tool for developing communication with the depressed patient and their family.
This volume of patients makes it possible to treat not only by specialists:
"It's very important the role of family doctors, since they are caused to the specialist the patient not responding well to treatment or has after a period of time and has not improved. "
The depressed patient is a significant problem when go to your doctor, few patients understand what depression is, as the information they have and the ability to identify the disease are inadequate. It is for this reason that patients are not only subject to the suffering caused by depression, but they are also suffering from the misunderstanding of the people he surrounds
.
role of doctor.
The importance of the doctor knows to recognize the various pathologies, because "often, these patients do not know what happens and do not tell your problems to specialists from an emotional standpoint, emotional and psychological.
"We need time to talk with patients, explaining that it is a disease that requires treatment and needs monitoring and support of his family. "
This problem requires a long follow-up, and that patients take longer to digest the situation and should be done in small doses.
Therefore, the increase of knowledge helps the patient to consult more easily and with greater knowledge about their disease. "
Preventing depression and social impact.
is NOT the disease causes more deaths, but it produces more suffering.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has warned of the great progress that has experienced depression in recent times, especially in the so-called''first world.'' Between 10 to 15% of the population of the region suffering from depression, half of them undiagnosed. It is the second leading cause of sick leave. This is undoubtedly a
health problem of great magnitude, it is not always treated as it should.
Although sometimes, depression is a result of internal problems, no doubt
that our lifestyle has much to do in their evolution. It is important, therefore,
• sleep and avoid stress.
• Food also plays an important role in preventing this disease.
• And many studies confirm that regular consumption of foods high in acid
fatty omega-3 (oily fish, nuts ...) and folate (brewer's yeast, cereals, cabbage, spinach, beets ...) are very useful for preventing depression, which is on the rise.
How you can help yourself when you are depressed
Depressive disorders make one feel exhausted, worthless, hopeless and helpless. These negative ways of thinking and feeling makes people want to give up. It is important to be aware that negative way of looking at things are part of depression. These are distortions that usually are not based on actual circumstances. Negative thoughts disappear when
treatment begins to take effect. Meanwhile:
• Set realistic goals, taking into account the depression, and try not to assume too much responsibility.
• Break goals into smaller pieces, prioritize and do what you can when you can.
• Try to be with and to confide in someone, it is always better than being alone and not talk to anyone.
• Participate in activities that help you feel better.
• Exercise lightly, go to the movies, go to a sports game, or participating in recreational, religious, social or otherwise. All this can help.
• Expect your mood improve immediately, but gradually. Feeling better takes time.
• It is advisable to postpone important decisions until the depression has lifted. Before making major changes, like changing jobs, getting married or divorced, check with people who know you well and have a more objective view of their situation.
• People rarely leaves a depression overnight. But you may feel a little better every day.
• Remember, positive patterns of thought will eventually replace the negative thoughts that are part of depression. Negative patterns will disappear as soon as your depression responds to treatment.
Remember, as soon your depression responds to treatment, negative thoughts will be replaced with positive thoughts.
• Let your family and friends help you.
How can family and friends help the depressed person
The most important thing anyone can do for the depressed person is to help you get the diagnosis and treatment. This may involve having to advise the patient not to stop treatment before they can begin to relieve symptoms (several weeks). May involve help you get a different treatment, if not see any improvement with the first treatment. Sometimes may require a family member or friend makes an appointment and accompanying the depressed person to the doctor. Sometimes it is necessary to ensure that the depressed person is taking medication. A depressed person should be reminded to obey doctor's orders regarding drinking alcohol while medicated. Another important thing is to give emotional support. This involves understanding, patience, affection and encouragement. Find ways to talk to the depressed person and listen carefully
. Do not minimize the feelings that the patient expresses, but point out realities and offer hope. Do not ignore comments or references to suicide. Tell the therapist if the depressed person makes comments about death or suicide. Invite the depressed person for walks, outings, movies and other activities. Persist gently if your invitation is refused. Encourage patient participation in activities
once gave pleasure, such as hobbies, sports, religious or cultural activities, but do not force the depressed person to do too much too soon. The depressed person needs diversion and company, but too many demands can increase feelings of failure.
not accuse the depressed person to simulate illness or being lazy, or expect out of this situation from one day to another. With treatment, most people get better. Keep that in mind and continue repeating the depressed person that with time and help you feel better.
Where to get help
If you are unsure of where to get help, check the yellow pages under "hospitals", "medical", "psychotherapy", "psychiatrists" or "psychologists" to find phone numbers and addresses. In times of crisis, medical emergency room of a hospital can provide temporary help for an emotional problem and can tell you where and how to receive treatment.
Below is a list of people and places can be channeled
to diagnostic and treatment services, or provide them.
• Family Physicians • mental health specialists, including psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers or mental health counselors
• Health Insurance • Community mental health centers
• Hospital psychiatry departments and outpatient clinics
• Affiliate Programs to universities or medical schools
• Outpatient Clinics state hospitals
• Family Services, social or religious agencies
• Private clinics and facilities
• Programs to assist employees
• local medical or psychiatric societies. REMEMBER
is important to be aware that negative way of looking at things
are part of depression.
REGIONAL CONFERENCE AGAINST DEPRESSION
a disease like any other
